12205061001C

12205061001C

12205061001C

12205061001C

12205061001C

过程自动化

石油炼制和化工等工业中流体或粉体的化学处理自动化。一般采用由检测仪表、调节器和计算机等组成的过程控制系统，对加热炉、精馏塔等设备或整个工厂进行优控制。采用的主要控制方式有反馈控制、前馈控制和优控制等。

机械自动化

这是机械化、电气化与自动控制相结合的结果，处理的对象是离散工件。早期的机械制造自动化是采用机械或电气部件的单机自动化或是简单的自动生产线。20世纪60年代以后，由于电子计算机的应用，出现了数控机床、加工中心、机器人、计算机辅助设计、计算机辅助制造、自动化仓库等。研制出适应多品种、小批量生产型式的柔性制造系统（FMS）。以柔性制造系统为基础的自动化车间，加上信息管理、生产管理自动化，出现了采用计算机集成制造系统（CIMS）的工厂自动化。

21世纪以后，特别是近几年，机械自动化检测、分类、生产、包装、印刷，已经广泛应用于工厂。提高工业效率、减少成本，为中国现代工业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。

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